Efficacy of multicomponent interventions on injury risk among ice and snow sports participants—a systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Characteristics of included trials and quality evaluation

Study	Intervention	Age	Session	Level	Sport	Outcome (injuries)	Compliance %	Quality grade
Schoeb et al. [22]	ISPAInt	13–15	48 weeks	Elite	Alpine skiing	All	100	High(10)
Priyambada et al. [23]	Educational video	7–16	2 weeks	Primary	Skiing	All	87	High(9)
Hagel et al. [18]	Protective equipment	< 15, 15–25, ≥ 26	24 weeks	Club	Skiing/snowboarding	Head	77	Medium(8)
Hasler et al. [11]	Protective equipment	19–20	24 weeks	Club	Skiing/snowboarding	Head	78	Medium(7)
Emery et al. [10]	NMT plan	11–15	12 weeks	Club	Ice hockey	All/limb	97	High(11)
Ytterstad et al. [19]	Education/protective equipment	0–14, ≥ 15	3 years	Club	Skiing/ice hockey	Head/all	87	Medium(8)
Cusimano et al. [20]	Educational video	11–12	16 weeks	Primary	Skiing/snowboarding	Upper limb	93	Low(7)
Machold et al. [9]	Protective equipment	11–17	1 weeks	Primary	Skiing/snowboarding	Upper limb	65	Low(7)
Jørgensen et al. [16]	Educational video	5–61	8 weeks	Mix	Alpine skiing	All	83.2	Medium(8)
Westin et al. [13]	Core stability/NAM plan	14–18	2 years	Primary	Alpine skiing	Lower limb	100	High(11)
Rønning et al. [8]	Protective equipment	10–68	12 weeks	Mix	Skiing/snowboarding	Upper limb	67	Low(7)
Kolstad et al. [14]	Policy changes/protective equipment	11–18	5 years	Club	Ice hockey	Head	87.3	High(8)
Black et al. [12]	Policy changes	11–12	2 4 weeks	Club	Ice hockey	Head/all	92	High(8)
Emery et al. [24]	Policy changes	11–12	24 weeks	Club	Ice hockey	Head	84	Medium(7)
Benson et al. [17]	Protective equipment	All	24 weeks	Club	Ice hockey	Head	78	Medium(6)

ISSN: 2052-1847