Recreational ball games are effective in improving social communication impairments among preschoolers diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder: a multi-arm controlled study

Table 4 The SRS-2 performances (mean ± standard deviation)

Variable	BCTP Goup(n = 13)		MBTP Group(n = 14)		Control Group(n = 14)
Variable	Pretest	Posttest	Pretest	Posttest	Pretest	Posttest
Social awareness	10.00 ± 2.74	8.31 ± 2.14	12.64 ± 3.52	11.50 ± 4.26	10.29 ± 2.46	11.14 ± 2.66
Social cognition	16.85 ± 4.76	15.38 ± 4.15	20.07 ± 5.46	17.43 ± 5.64	17.50 ± 3.48	19.29 ± 4.07
Social communication	34.00 ± 9.05	29.62 ± 7.75	34.93 ± 11.40	29.57 ± 10.27	31.43 ± 7.66	34.93 ± 8.88
Social motivation	15.85 ± 5.10	14.57 ± 4.29	15.43 ± 5.42	12.93 ± 5.14	14.71 ± 4.20	14.57 ± 4.29
Behavior pattern	19.08 ± 4.15	15.62 ± 3.38	14.07 ± 5.57	12.86 ± 5.41	12.50 ± 4.86	16.43 ± 6.38
SRS-2 Total Points	95.77 ± 18.89	82.15 ± 16.54	97.14 ± 25.87	84.29 ± 28.26	86.43 ± 18.90	96.36 ± 22.86

x̄ Mean, SD Standard deviation. Numbers presented are F statistics showing the tests of the interaction effect of group and time. \(\:{\eta\:}_{p}^{2}\): Partial eta-squared represents the effect size SRS-2: Social Responsiveness Scale Second Edition; BCTP: the ball combination training program group; MBTP: mini-basketball training program group

ISSN: 2052-1847