Table 1 Study characteristics
Study | Study Design | Outcome Measures | Study population | Gender | Location | Age (mean ± SD) | Sampling Source | 25(OH)D measurement, results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dhesi et al., 2002 | CSS | MVC | n = 80 | N/A | England | Group 1 (n = 20): 77.5 ± 5.4 Group 2 (n = 20): 72.4 ± 4.6 Group 3 (n = 20): 75.9 ± 5.9 Control (n = 20): 74.0 ± 4.2 | Mixed | IDS Gamma-B 25OH Immunoassay, Group 1 (fall +  < 12 μg/L, n = 20): 9.8 ± 2.2 μg/L Group 2 (fall + 12–17 μg/L, n = 20): 13.9 ± 1.7 μg/L Group 3 (fall +  > 17 μg/L, n = 20): 23.6 ± 5.8 μg/L Control (healthy +  > 17 μg/L, n = 20): 22.8 ± 5.7 μg/L |
Zamboni et al., 2002 | CSS | IM | n = 269 | 94 M, 175 F | Italy | Men: 71.8 ± 2.1 Women: 71.9 ± 2.4 | Community | Radioimmunoassay, Men: 56.5 ± 37.5 nmol/L Women: 39.4 ± 24.1 nmol/L |
Annweiler et al., 2009 | CSS | MVC | n = 440 | 0 M, 440F | France | 80.1 ± 3.5 | Community | Radioimmunoassay, 17.4 ± 10.5 ng/mL |
Dretakis et al., 2010 | CSS | IM | n = 48 | 13 M 35F | Greece | Male: 73.8 ± 5.1 Female: 70.0 ± 4.5 | Community | Enzyme Immunoassay Serum IDS OCTEIA 25-OH vitamin D kit, Male: 76.00 ± 34.73 nmol/L Female: 49.11 ± 29.78 nmol/L |
Bredella et al., 2011 | CSS | MS | n = 68 | 0 M 68F | USA | 35.9 ± 6.7 | Community | IDS-iSYS Automated Analyser based on Chemiluminescence, 24.1 ± 15.2 ng/mL |
Houston et al., 2011 | CSS | IM | n = 988 | 351 M 637F |  | 85.2 ± 3.2 | Community | LC-TMS,  < 20 ng/mL: 30.8% 20—< 30 ng/mL: 35.9%  ≥ 30 ng/mL: 33.3% |
Marantes et al., 2011 | CSS | IM | n = 667 | 311 M 356F | USA | Men: 56.3 ± 18.5 Women: 57.2 ± 17.7 | Community | Radioimmunoassay, Men: 23.0 ± 8.2 ng/mL Women: 22.1 ± 10.0 ng/mL |
Stockton et al., 2012 | CSS | IM | n = 45 | 0 M 45F | Australia | SLE (n = 24): 39.6 ± 11.4 Control (n = 21): 40.9 ± 13.3 | Mixed | LIAISONÕ 25 OH Vitamin D TOTAL Assay by Chemiluminescent Immunoassay Technology, 68.4 ± 22.4 nmol/L |
Barker et al., 2013 | CSS | IM | n = 14 | 9 M 5F | USA | 32.0 ± 1.0 | Not described | High Performance-LC, Upon enrolment: 28.0 ± 2.5 ng/mL  > 32 ng/mL: 36%; < 32 ng/mL: 64%  < 20 ng/mL: 21%; < 10 ng/mL: 7% |
Grimaldi et al., 2013 | CSS | IK/ IM | n = 419 | 205 M 214F | USA | 44.0 ± 16.1 | Institutional | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, 33.6 ng/mL |
Salacinski et al., 2013 | CSS | IM | n = 38 | 18 M 20F | USA | Crohn’s (n = 19): 44.2 ± 10.3 Control (n = 19): 41.7 ± 11.2 | Mixed | Radioimmunoassay (High-Performance LC), High (n = 12): 45.4 ± 1.4 ng/mL Low (n = 19): 25.3 ± 1.1 ng/mL |
Barker et al., 2014 | CSS | IK | n = 56 | 25 M 31F | USA | 48.0 ± 1.0 | Institutional | Chemiluminescent immunoassay, 25.8 ± 1.1 ng/mL |
Civelek et al., 2014 | CSS | IK | n = 49 | 0 M 49F | Turkey | Median: 64.3 Interquartile range: 59.0—69.5 | Community | Shimadzu Prominence High- Performance LC, Deficient (< 20 ng/mL): 49.0% Normal (≥ 20 ng/mL): 51.0% |
Hamilton et al., 2014 | CSS | IK | n = 342 | 342 M 0F | Qatar | 24.4 ± 8.3 | Institutional | Chemiluminescent Immunoassay Technology (Liaison® 25-OH Vitamin D total Assay), 20.7 ± 10.8 ng/mL |
Rolighed et al., 2014 | CSS | IM | n = 106 | 20 M 86F | Denmark | PHPT (n = 58): 55.7 – 61.6 Control (n = 58): 55.8 – 61.7 | Mixed | Isotope Dilution LC-TMS, PHPT: 57.6 nmol/L (53.3 – 61.8) Control: 59.1 nmol/L (52.7 – 65.6) |
Salminen et al., 2015 | CSS | IM | n = 518 | 79 M 439 F | Finland | 72.8 ± 5.7 | Community | OCTEIA Immune-Enzymo-Metric Assay, 65.2 ± 17.2 nmol/L |
Yumrutepe et al., 2015 | CSS | IK | n = 147 | 137 M 10F | Turkey | COPD (n = 90): 60.2 ± 7.8 Control (n = 57): 58.9 ± 6.4 | Mixed | Radio-Immunometric Assay, COPD: 14.5 ± 11.1 ng/mL Control: 16.8 ± 10 ng/mL |
Almurdhi et al., 2016 | CSS | MVC/ MS | n = 40 | 28 M 12F | UK | T2DM (n = 20): 63.1 ± 10.8 Control (n = 20): 61.5 ± 6.0 | Not described | T2DM: 72.6 ± 43.5 nmol/L Control: 78.9 ± 48.8 nmol/L |
Brannstrom et al., 2017 | CSS | IK | n = 19 | 0 M 19F | Sweden | 15.3 ± 0.7 | Institutional | Automatic Immune Analyser, 50.5 ± 12.8 nmol/L |
Brech et al., 2017 | CSS | IK | n = 63 | 0 M 63F | Brazil | 60.6 ± 3.1 | Not described | LIAISON® 25OHD Total Assay kit, 24.2 ± 9.2 ng/mL |
Kara et al., 2017 | CSS | IK/ MS | n = 30 | 3 M 27F | Turkey | Group I (n = 15): 44.4 ± 9.4 Group II (n = 15): 39.0 ± 9.9 | Institutional | Chemiluminescence Microparticle Immunoassay Method, Group I: 9.4 ± 2.5 ng/mL Group II: 20.7 ± 8.3 ng/mL |
Jamil et al., 2017 | LS | MVC | n = 71 | 30 M 41F | UK | 28.6 ± 6.5 | Community | Dual TMS, 28.8 ± 20.5 nmol/L |
Balogun et al., 2018 | LS | IM | n = 1033 | 506 M 527F | Australia | 63.0 ± 7.4 | Community | Liquid-Phase Radioimmunoassay, 52.6 ± 18.7 nmol/L |
Książek et al., 2018 | CSS | IK | n = 25 | 25 M 0F | Poland | 21.9 ± 9.8 | Institutional | Electrochemiluminescence using Elecsys System, 17.4 ± 5.2 ng/mL |
Kim et al., 2020 | CSS | IK | n = 36 | 36 M 0F | Korea | 22.6 ± 3.2 | Institutional | High-Performance LC-TMS Detection, 24.7 ± 7.2 ng/mL |
Wilson- Barnes et al., 2020 | LS | IM | n = 47 | 31 M 16F | UK | Outdoor (n = 22): 21.0 ± 1.8 Indoor (n = 25): 20.0 ± 1.4 | Institutional | LC (nmol/L), Outdoor, autumn: 54.3 ± 25.3; Indoor, autumn: 57.7 ± 22.0; Outdoor, spring: 31.0 ± 17.5; Indoor, spring: 31.0 ± 16.1 |
Watson et al., 2021 | CSS | MS | n = 34 | 15 M 19F | UK | 61.0 ± 12.0 | Institutional | LC-TMS, Full Cohort: 10.8 ng/mL (7.9 – 18.0) |
Wilson- Barnes et al., 2021 | LS | IM | n = 50 | 24 M 26F | UK | 22.0 ± 3.3 | Mixed | LC-TMS, Spring: 46.7 ± 20.9 nmol/L Summer: 63.1 ± 17.3 nmol/L |