The arch myth: investigating the impact of flat foot on vertical jump height: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yu, Haibin; Wu, Wenjian; Tai, Weihsun; Li, Jing; Zhang, Rui

doi:10.1186/s13102-024-01018-w

BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation

Table 3 Characteristics of studies included

From: The arch myth: investigating the impact of flat foot on vertical jump height: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors	Subject characteristics
Authors	Group	Paticipants	Participant type	Age (years)	Height (cm)	Weight (kg)	Measurement	Jump type	Jump height(cm)	With or without arm	Footwear
Fu et al.(2016) [45]	Flat foot	10	Amateur	24.71 ± 4.32	173.25 ± 2.22	64.10 ± 3.58	CAI	SJ	41 ± 23	NR	Without
Fu et al.(2016) [45]	Normal foot	10	Amateur	25.24 ± 3.31	172.50 ± 2.88	65.13 ± 4.66	CAI	SJ	40 ± 15	NR	Without
Sagat et al.(2023) [46]	Flat foot	101	Amateur	13.6 ± 0.6	168.9 ± 9.6	62.7 ± 15.7	CA	CMJ	33.9 ± 8.1	Without	NR
Sagat et al.(2023) [46]	Normal foot	107	Amateur	13.0 ± 0.6	167.8 ± 9.1	59.1 ± 14.4	CA	CMJ	33.7 ± 6.4	Without	NR
Moharkar et al.(2023) [47]	Flat foot	130	Basketball player	18–25	NR	NR	NDT	CMJ	20.23 ± 3.11	With	With
Moharkar et al.(2023) [47]	Normal foot	130	Basketball player	18–25	NR	NR	NDT	CMJ	20 ± 2.8	With	With
Contarli et al.(2022) [48]	Flat foot	28	Gymnast	12.28 ± 4.30	145 ± 18.2	39.96 ± 16.77	CA	SJ	26.95 ± 2.87	Without	Without
Contarli et al.(2022) [48]	Normal foot	16	Gymnast	12.81 ± 4.53	146 ± 16.9	40.06 ± 16.69	CA	SJ	29.35 ± 8.3	Without	Without
Tudor et al.(2009) [49]	Flat foot	93	Amateur	13.07 ± 1.24	NR	NR	SI	CMJ	33.74 ± 5	Without	NR
Tudor et al.(2009) [49]	Normal foot	93	Amateur	13.07 ± 1.24	NR	NR	SI	CMJ	34.8 ± 6.21	Without	NR
Yunus et al.(2020) [50]	Flat foot	53	Amateur	21.84 ± 1.66	157.16 ± 6.99	55.47 ± 14.05	NDT	CMJ	27.63 ± 5.62	With	NR
Yunus et al.(2020) [50]	Normal foot	53	Amateur	21.84 ± 1.66	157.16 ± 6.99	55.47 ± 14.05	NDT	CMJ	29.29 ± 6.7	With	NR
Arévalo-Mora et al.(2016) [51]	Flat foot	37	Amateur	11.22 ± 0.82	NR	NR	HAI	CMJ	25.46 ± 6.09	With	NR
Arévalo-Mora et al.(2016) [51]	Normal foot	96	Amateur	11.03 ± 0.85	NR	NR	HAI	CMJ	26.08 ± 4.07	With	NR
Twomey et al.(2006) [52]	Flat foot	27	Amateur	10.01 ± 0.59	139.8 ± 7.86	36.74 ± 7.07	NR	CMJ	33.6 ± 6.5	With	Without
Twomey et al.(2006) [52]	Normal foot	27	Amateur	10.01 ± 0.59	139.8 ± 7.86	36.74 ± 7.07	NR	CMJ	29.9 ± 6.7	With	Without
Şahan et al.(2023) [53]	Flat foot	39	Amateur	22 ± 2	165 ± 7.5	58 ± 12.25	NDT	SJ	23 ± 6	Without	NR
Şahan et al.(2023) [53]	Normal foot	41	Amateur	21 ± 2.25	164 ± 5	59 ± 9.75	NDT	SJ	25 ± 5.75	Without	NR

NR: Not report; Cavanagh Arch Index: CAI; Clarke Angle: CA; Navicular Drop Test: NDT; Staheli Index: SI; Harris Arch Index: HAI

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ISSN: 2052-1847

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