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Table 1 Combined exercises

From: The effects of combined exercises, short foot exercises, and short foot exercises with isometric hip abduction on navicular drop, static parameters, and postural sway in women with flat foot: A randomized trial

Combined Exercises

First and second week

Third and fourth week

Fifth and sixth week (with resistance band)

Toe-spread-out exercise

Hallux-extension exercise

Lesser-toe-extension exercise

Hip abduction while lying on the side

Leg: Flexion - adduction - external rotation with knee flexion

Foot: Dorsiflexion - supination - inversion with toes extension

Picking up small objects with the toes

Picking up small glass stones using toes and depositing the stones elsewhere

Leg: Extension - abduction - internal rotation with knee extension

Foot: Plantar flexion - pronation - eversion with toes flexion

Rolling a tennis ball

Curling the towel with the toes

Leg: Flexion - abduction - internal rotation with knee flexion

Foot: Dorsiflexion - pronation - eversion with toe extension

Pulling the foot with a towel around the heel

Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion with elastic band

Leg: Extension-adduction-external rotation with knee extension

Foot: Plantar flexion - supination - inversion - with toes flexion

Write the alphabet

Heel Cord Stretch

Resistive inversion and eversion with an elastic band

Leaning on the back of the chair by lifting one foot

Heel cord stretch with bent knee

Maintaining balance in a stable and unstable base

Contraction duration (s): 5 s

Relax duration (s): 2 s

Contraction duration (s): 8 s

Relax duration (s): 4 s

Contraction duration (s): 10 s

Relax duration (s): 5 s

Volume: 10 reps * 3 sets

Frequency (session/wk): 6 (3 sessions with supervision and 3 sessions independently)