Table 2 Dual-task effects on the timed up and go test duration, turning trajectory and number of steps

Single task

Cognitive dual-task

Motor dual-task

TTD, s

10.72 (9.77–11.67)

12.95 (11.66–14.24) * §

12.19 (10.72–13.67) *

Walking duration, s

1.98 (1.80–2.17)

2.56 (2.30–2.81) * §

2.29 (2.02–2.56) *

Turning duration, s

2.56 (2.37–2.75)

3.04 (2.76–3.33) *

2.89 (2.63–3.16) *

N of foot strikes in walking

4.52 (4.22–4.81)

5.15 (4.83–5.47) *

4.94 (4.51–5.36) *

N of foot strikes in turning

4.83 (4.50–5.15)

5.25 (4.82–5.69) *

5.37 (4.91–5.82) *

Turning vertical angle, °

176.18 (172.93–179.44)

177.66 (174.10–181.23)

177.56 (174.67–180.45)

Effect sizes

Cognitive – Single

Motor – Single

Cognitive – Motor

TTD, s

1.97

1.26

0.71

Walking duration, s

1.42

0.77

0.65

Turning duration, s

0.86

0.61

-

N of foot strikes in walking

0.93

0.61

-

N of foot strikes in turning

0.40

0.51

-

Turning vertical angle, °

-

-

-