Table 1 Sample characteristics by gender

Age (years)

 Mean (SD)

44.8 (± 16.3)

45.4 (± 16.1)

44.1 (± 16.5)

Age Stratum (years)

 20–24

89 (18%)

50 (18%)

39 (17%)

 25–29

49 (10%)

19 (7%)

30 (13%)

 30–34

31 (6%)

17 (6%)

14 (6%)

 35–39

28 (6%)

17 (6%)

11 (5%)

 40–44

35 (7%)

16 (6%)

19 (8%)

 45–49

40 (8%)

22 (8%)

18 (8%)

 50–54

52 (11%)

31 (11%)

21 (9%)

 55–59

57 (12%)

39 (14%)

18 (8%)

 60–64

52 (11%)

29 (11%)

23 (10%)

 65–69

41 (8%)

22 (8%)

19 (8%)

 > 70

21 (4%)

9 (3%)

12 (5%)

Hand Dominance

 Left

45 (9%)

19 (7%)

26 (12%)

 Right

450 (91%)

252 (93%)

198 (88%)

Race

 Chinese

452 (91%)

251 (93%)

201 (90%)

 Indian

25 (5%)

11 (4%)

14 (6%)

 Malay

15 (3%)

6 (2%)

9 (4%)

 Other

3 (1%)

3 (1%)

0 (0%)

Education Level

 Mean (SD)

3.35 (± 0.759)

3.26 (± 0.803)

3.46 (± 0.688)

Employment Status

 Employee

182 (37%)

103 (38%)

79 (35%)

 Homemaker

26 (5%)

25 (9%)

1 (0%)

 Retired

82 (17%)

40 (15%)

42 (19%)

 Self-employed

64 (13%)

26 (10%)

38 (17%)

 Semi-retired

8 (2%)

5 (2%)

3 (1%)

 Student

93 (19%)

46 (17%)

47 (21%)

 Unemployed

40 (8%)

26 (10%)

14 (6%)

Marital Status

 Divorced/Seperated

26 (5%)

13 (5%)

13 (6%)

 Married

204 (41%)

106 (39%)

98 (44%)

 Single

253 (51%)

142 (52%)

111 (50%)

 Widowed

12 (2%)

10 (4%)

2 (1%)

Living Status

 Living alone

67 (14%)

43 (16%)

24 (11%)

 Not living alone

428 (86%)

228 (84%)

200 (89%)

BMI Group (kg/m2)

 Underweight

36 (7%)

23 (8%)

13 (6%)

 Normal

344 (69%)

194 (72%)

150 (67%)

 Overweight

85 (17%)

37 (14%)

48 (21%)

 Obesity

30 (6%)

17 (6%)

13 (6%)

Weight (kg)

 Mean (SD)

62.7 (± 13.6)

56.5 (± 11.3)

70.1 (± 12.3)

Height (cm)

 Mean (SD)

164 (± 9.22)

158 (± 6.15)

172 (± 6.85)