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  1. The Injury-Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport (I-PRRS) scale has demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity in American English, Dutch, Italian, Persian, French, Spanish, and Portuguese, however,...

    Authors: Siqi Liu, Yunxi Zhang, Young-Eun Noh and Tong Zhou
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:76
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. Soccer is a dynamic sport that involves high-intensity running, changes of direction, jumping and contact. Therefore, a proper warm-up duration is of great importance to optimize players'performance and minimi...

    Authors: Osman Yilmaz, Furkan Ozturk and Ladislav Batalik
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:74
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Obesity, defined as excessive body fat accumulation, is closely linked to an increased risk of metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and insulin resistance. This study investigates the effects of combi...

    Authors: Fatemeh Shahiddoust and Amir Abbas Monazzami
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:73
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. This study aimed to investigate: (a) the effects of aerobic training (AT) on brachial artery endothelial function, measured by flow-mediated dilatation (baFMD) and whether changes in baFMD are associated with cha...

    Authors: Armin H. Paravlic and Kristina Drole
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:72
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Gait alterations associated with postural deviations are a significant factor contributing to functional limitations in older adults. Among these, sway-back posture has been linked to chronic low back pain (CL...

    Authors: Fatemeh Esmaeilpour, Amir Letafatkar, Mohammad Taghi Karimi, Mehdi Khaleghi, Giacomo Rossettini and Jorge Hugo Villafañe
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:71
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Endurance-specific activities in diverse terrains, including alpine regions, necessitate the transportation of supplementary equipment, thereby necessitating an adaptation of the load intensity. To ascertain t...

    Authors: Saskia Klughardt and Bettina Schaar
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:70
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Exercise-induced fatigue is a physiological state characterized by performance decline. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is one of the most commonly used subjective methods for evaluating exercise-induced fatigue...

    Authors: Jianyu Gan, Gengxin Dong, Yilin Xu, Yan Chen, Yunqing Zhang, Qi Gao and Dapeng Bao
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:69
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Body fat is a key body composition parameter monitored in soccer. Identifying reliable alternatives to laboratory techniques for assessing body fat during the competitive period is essential. This study aimed ...

    Authors: Giulia Baroncini, Francesco Campa, Priscilla Castellani Tarabini, Alberto Sala, Lorenzo Boldrini, Stefano Mazzoni and Antonio Paoli
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:68
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. The influence of circadian rhythms and menstrual cycle phases on athletic performance and psychological responses is critical for optimizing training and competition strategies for female athletes. This study ...

    Authors: Meher Seddik, Mohamed Mansour Bouzourraa, Halil İbrahim Ceylan, Jaouher Hamaidi, Hatem Ghouili, Hamdi Chtourou, Noomen Guelmami, Ismail Dergaa, Raul Ioan Muntean and Nizar Souissi
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:67
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. Previous studies have demonstrated the effects of SAQ training on sprint, change-of-direction, and jump performance in soccer players. However, further research is needed to assess its broader impact on differ...

    Authors: Min Sun, Kim Geok Soh, Shudian Cao, Azhar Bin Yaacob, Shuzhen Ma and Cong Ding
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:66
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Video Assistant Referee (VAR) as a high-tech aid was introduced into football in 2018 to enhance the officiating accuracy of referees. At the 2020 UEFA European Championship, VAR was used for the first time. T...

    Authors: Rui Bao, Miguel Ángel Gómez Ruano, Ruixia Shi, Xinpu Wang and Bo Han
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:65
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. To assess the effectiveness and adverse events of postoperative physical exercise on health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients who have undergone surgery for oesophageal or gastric cancer.

    Authors: Kenneth Färnqvist, Kalle Mälberg, Asif Johar, Anna Schandl, Monika Fagevik Olsén and Pernilla Lagergren
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:64
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. We investigated associations of movement behaviors (moderate-vigorous physical activity, light physical activity, and stationary time) with various parameters measured during cardiopulmonary exercise testing. ...

    Authors: Alexander Roosz, Martin Bahls, Sabina Ulbricht, Antje Ullrich, Anne Obst, Beate Stubbe, Ralf Ewert, Sabine Kaczmarek, Till Ittermann, Marcus Dörr and Lisa Voigt
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:63
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Limited lower-extremity flexibility has long been debated as a physical risk factor contributing to low back pain in various populations. However, its impact on younger populations, particularly elementary sch...

    Authors: Suzuno Endo, Kinshi Kato, Kenichi Otoshi, Yota Kaneko, Ryoji Tominaga, Takahiro Kaga, Takahiro Igari, Ryohei Sato, Kenji Kobayashi, Shin-ichi Konno and Yoshihiro Matsumoto
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:62
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. This study compared the accuracy of three generalized approaches for estimating proximity to failure during the Smith machine bench press: (i) the relationship between relative load (%1RM) and maximum repetiti...

    Authors: Xuelin Qin, Beibei Liu and Amador García-Ramos
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:60
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of respiratory training interventions in the rehabilitation of patients with rib fractures through a meta-analysis, aiming to provide robust evidence for clinical p...

    Authors: Haidi Zhang, Yadi Ding, Jiawei Ren and Jianfang Zhu
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:59
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a key marker of autonomic nervous system function and has been proposed as a tool for monitoring training adaptations. However, its relationship with performance beyond aerobic ...

    Authors: Rabia Tugba Tekin, Savas Kudas, Melike Mese Buran, Salih Cabuk, Oguzhan Akbasli, Veysel Uludag and Hayri Baran Yosmaoglu
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:58
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. This study aims to investigate the impact of physical exercise on adolescent social anxiety and to elucidate the serial mediating roles of sports self-efficacy and expressive suppression within this context.

    Authors: Jingtao Wu, Yanhong Shao, Jun Hu and Xinjuan Zhao
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:57
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Frailty is a syndrome as with aging in the population of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and exercise has become an essential non-pharmacological tool especially in the pre-frail stage. Notably, the form of su...

    Authors: Lin Hu, Haixia Feng, Jing Han, Qing Han and Yumin Zhang
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:56
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Physical exercises and mindfulness are important components in the management of chronic pain, but pain may reduce exercise adherence. Virtual reality (VR) can provide cognitive inhibition of the ascending pai...

    Authors: Sella Aarrestad Provan, Giovanna Calogiuri, Linda Røset, Maren Mariussen, Ingeborg Rosøy, Tonje Jossie Johnsen, Thomas Johansen, Ole Einar Flaten and Sigbjørn Litleskare
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:55
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. The analysis of ground reaction forces and muscle activities during walking or running can help clinicians decide on the usage of foot orthoses, particularly in individuals with pronated feet. Here, we aimed t...

    Authors: Ebrahim Piri, Vahid Sobhani, AmirAli Jafarnezhadgero, Ehsan Arabzadeh, Alireza Shamsoddini, Matteo Zago and Urs Granacher
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:54
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. This study examines the determinant role of athletic mental energy on the flow state in professional football (soccer) players. This research fills an important gap in the sports psychology literature by focus...

    Authors: Yunus Emre Yarayan, Alexios Batrakoulis, Nuri Berk Güngör, Serkan Kurtipek, Kadir Keskin, Okan Burçak Çelik, Doğukan Batur Alp Gülşen, Gerasimos V. Grivas, Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna, Nouf H. Alkhamees, Bodor Bin Sheeha and Abdullah F. Alghannam
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:53
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. The epithelial wall leakage has been extensively studied in sports disciplines like running and cycling. However, little is known about gut permeability in other disciplines, like rowing, especially after the ...

    Authors: Hanna Dziewiecka, Joanna Ostapiuk–Karolczuk, Anna Kasperska, Justyna Cichoń-Woźniak, Piotr Basta and Anna Skarpańska-Stejnborn
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:52
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. The final event in modern pentathlon, the laser run, determines the final ranking, and it is not known whether the athletes’ heart rates (HRs) and success rates during the shooting in the laser run are affecte...

    Authors: Mustafa Ünver, Elif Cengizel, Hacı Ahmet Pekel, Çağdaş Özgür Cengizel, Aylin Özge Pekel and Veli Ozan Çakır
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:51
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. There is a gap in knowledge regarding the utility of preoperative exercise (PEx) among gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients undergoing surgery and how PEx impacts surgical outcomes. This study seeks to evalua...

    Authors: Ahmad Hamad, Hongji Zhang, Yunwei Zhang, Chengli Shen, Pengyan Fa, Hai Huang, Aslam Ejaz and Allan Tsung
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:50
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Stage 1 hypertension influences acute cardiovascular responses to resistance exercises and post-exercise recovery. We examined whether the order of exercises, particularly in agonist-antagonist pairings, can a...

    Authors: Roman Jurik, Petr Stastny, Dominik Kolinger, Artur Gola and Tomas Vetrovsky
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:49
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. This study developed a sequential winning-percentage prediction model for badminton competitions using the expert system sequential probability ratio test (EXSPRT), aiming to calculate the difficulty of each e...

    Authors: Eunhye Jo
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:48
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. The relationship between swimming performance and shoulder muscle strength at different swimming distances is unclear. To provide a theoretical basis for future targeted training as well as better detection an...

    Authors: Sikuan Ren, Wenyan Li, Zeyi Zhang and Fengrui Cao
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:47
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. Blood Flow Restriction Training (BFRT) is a low-load training technique that involves applying pressure to partially restrict arterial blood flow while occluding venous return. Despite its growing popularity, ...

    Authors: Ruifeng Huang, Yong Ma, Zizhe Yang, Zhikun Wang, Canyi Zeng, Yazhou Qin and Mengyao Jia
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:46
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. This study investigated whether blood flow restriction moderate-intensity interval training (BFR-MIIT) could achieve or surpass the training effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) at lower training...

    Authors: Lunxin Chen, Zhanming Zhang, Wenhao Qu, Wenwei Huang, Jian Sun, Xiaoping Duan and Duanying Li
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:44
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. Functional training to improve athletes’ technical performance and movement quality is becoming increasingly popular, but few studies have focused on young tennis players. The aims of this study were to compar...

    Authors: Wensheng Xiao, Te Bu, Feida Zhao, Junlong Zhang, Xiaorong Bai and Soh Kim Geok
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:43
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. Dual-task walking is used as a treatment, for gait assessment, and as an outcome measure in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Movement smoothness, i.e. its non-intermittency, is a movement cardinal feature. This study...

    Authors: Antonio Caronni, Maurizio Amadei, Lorenzo Diana, Gaia Sangalli, Stefano Scarano, Laura Perucca, Viviana Rota and Nadia Bolognini
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:42
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. The benefits of strength training on shooting accuracy in football players and other athletes are well known, but its effectiveness in improving shooting accuracy among basketball players remains unclear. Ther...

    Authors: Imtiyaz Ali Mir, Muhammad Noh Zulfikri Mohd Jamali, Syeda Humayra, Kum Weng Chong, Tarun Amalnerkar and Mohamed Sherif Sirajudeen
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:41
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between exercise-induced leg pain, fear of pain, kinesiophobia and injury anxiety in amateur and professional athletes. Secondarily, the present study also aime...

    Authors: Erkan Bingöl, Kadir Tiryaki, İsmet Tümtürk and Fatih Özden
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:40
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. While regular exercise training is known to decrease oxidative stress (OS) and enhance antioxidant functions in adults, limited data exist on OS responses in the pediatric population. This study aimed to inves...

    Authors: Alireza Niknam, Abbas Ali Gaeini, Amin Hamidvand, Maryam Koushkie Jahromi, Guillermo Ruben Oviedo, Mohammadreza Kordi and Farzaneh Safarpour
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:38
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. The study examines how ice and snow sports participation, fitness, perceived social support, and access to winter sports facilities affect health outcomes in China. Understanding winter sports’ health benefits...

    Authors: Wenbo Song and Jiajia Cui
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:37
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. Physical education teachers commonly use single or combined technique tests to assess to assess the skills performance of their students, but these tests still have limitations for ball skills that involve the...

    Authors: Duoyao Zhang, Peng Shi, Teng Jin and Kai Zhang
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:36
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Individuals with Down syndrome have severe difficulties maintaining proper postural control when standing upright. Therefore, the goal of the present review and meta-analysis was to examine the effects of exer...

    Authors: Hamid Zolghadr, Masoumeh Yahyaei, Parisa Sedaghati and Somayeh Ahmadabadi
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:35
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. Performance analysis can provide coaches with a range of relevant information and support more informed decision-making. The objective of this research was to determine running performance (RP) within five-min...

    Authors: Paweł Chmura, Toni Modric, Adrian Drożdżowski, Sime Versic, Damir Sekulic and Marcin Andrzejewski
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:34
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. Para-karate has been gaining popularity rapidly; however, scientific research on the subject remains limited. This study aims to examine the kata preferences at top-level para-karate events and explore the rel...

    Authors: Dusana Augustovicova, Radovan Hadza, Adrian Magyar, Debbie Van Biesen and Michal Hruby
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:33
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. Regular aerobic exercise regulates cardiorespiratory functions by its effect on specific enzyme activities. This study investigated the immediate effects of moderate aerobic exercise on haematological paramete...

    Authors: Idara Asuquo Okon, Justin Atiang Beshel, Daniel Udofia Owu, Nelson N. Orie, Affiong Edet Jim and Larry Inyang Edet
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:32
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. Home-based cardiac rehabilitation is increasingly popular for patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, this mode of rehabilitation involves unsupervised exercise, making it challenging to assess, correc...

    Authors: Mohammad Jarallah, Thomas M Withers, Sheeba Rosewilliam, Afroditi Stathi and Colin J Greaves
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:31
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. The study aimed to assess the acute effects of overcoming isometric split squats on subsequent single-leg drop jump (DJ) performance and the contralateral effect in volleyball players, considering training sta...

    Authors: Artur Terbalyan, Kazimierz Mikołajec, Michał Krzysztofik, Robert Urbański, Jakub Jarosz, Petr Stastny and Michał Spieszny
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:30
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. The effect of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) applied along with function in Hypertension (HT) patients is uncertain. In this study, it was to determine the effectiveness of functional IMT (F-IMT) on functio...

    Authors: İrem Hüzmeli, Nihan Katayıfçı, Büşra Abay, Oğuz Akkuş and Aysel Yıldız Özer
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:29
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. The current study was conducted to explore the clinical impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in rehabilitation nursing on improving cardiopulmonary function and exercise capacity in COPD patients.

    Authors: Xiaojie Wang, Jingwei Lu, Jianming Niu, Xiaoliang Zhang and Meng Li
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:28
    Content type: Research Published on:

  49. Foot strike patterns during running are classified into two types: rearfoot strike (RFS) and non-rearfoot strike (NRFS). These patterns are considered biomechanical risk factors for running-related injuries (R...

    Authors: Haruhiko Goto and Suguru Torii
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:27
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. The study aims to explore the relationship between proactive personality and positional competition in soccer players, considering factors like gender, age, position, and years of active participation in the s...

    Authors: Bekir Çar, Ahmet Kurtoğlu, Özgür Eken, Constantin Șufaru, Simone Ciaccioni, Gizem Başkaya, Elena Adelina Panaet, Luciana Dragomir, Cristina Ioana Alexe and Claudiu Octavian Bulzan
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:26
    Content type: Research Published on:
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BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation

ISSN: 2052-1847

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