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  1. The aim of this study is to adapt the Student Athlete Relationship Instrument (SARI) scales (Family, Coaches, Teammates, Peers) that evaluate student-athletes' relationships with their environment in a standar...

    Authors: Sabriye Ercan, Esma Arslan, Elif Şahi̇n, Esra Şahi̇n, Aydan Örsçeli̇k, Gökhan Büyüklüoğlu, Nihan Büyüklüoğlu and Hasan Kaya
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:125
  2. Athletes adopt different coping mechanisms with injury. Differences and links between fear avoidance (FA), pain self-efficacy (PSE), and mental toughness (MT) might affect injury outcomes.

    Authors: Samah Tawil, Veronica Kassis, Theresa Bassil, Karim Farhat, Elie Hourani, Lara Massoud and Charbel Najem
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:124
  3. Postural behavior can be understood from a systems perspective, emerging from complex interactions within the agent’s body system and the agent-environment system, where inherent variability enables adaptive a...

    Authors: Anaëlle Cheillan, João Milho and Pedro Passos
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:123
  4. Sleep plays a vital role in the recovery of athletes, yet many student-athletes struggle with poor sleep quality. The literature has reported that chronotypes, which reflect different circadian phases, are rel...

    Authors: Takafumi Monma, Goichiro Yoshida, Eiji Fujita, Maki Yamane, Kayoko Ando, Naomi Omi, Hiroyuki Sagayama and Fumi Takeda
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:122
  5. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pre-season nutritional status, diet quality, and energy availability levels of Paralympic athletes competing in wheelchair basketball.

    Authors: Murat Urhan, Ceren Akanalçı, Özge Küçükerdönmez, Ezgi Karataş, Rana Nagihan Akder, Mesut Nalçakan and Reci Meseri
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:121
  6. ACL injuries are common among athletes and individuals experiencing trauma, leading to instability and functional impairments. Post-ACL reconstruction, patients often face challenges like pain and reduced knee...

    Authors: Nagma Sheenam, Ravi Gaur, Nitesh Manohar Gonnade, Abhinav Dixit, Abins T. K. and Chinchu K.
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:120
  7. Previous studies have revealed the role of the dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio in predicting cardiovascular and total mortality. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the association between...

    Authors: Yisi Liu, Xin Wu and Liwei Sun
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:119
  8. Backcourt forehand clear stroke is a fundamental technique in badminton, but the biomechanical differences between novice and experienced players are not fully understood. This study aimed to compare the kinem...

    Authors: Hui Huang, Zhenxiang Guo, Minchen Zhao, Meng Liu and Jin Dai
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:118
  9. The worldwide pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus has profoundly impacted virtually every aspect of life. The education sector was also significantly impacted, with numerous educational institutions adopt...

    Authors: Ahmet Yapar, Can Özgider, İlhan Adiloğulları, Özhan Bavlı and Gamze Elif Adiloğulları
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:117
  10. High-intensity resistance training induces structural and functional adaptations in skeletal muscle, yet its impact on cardiac remodeling remains debated. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal biven...

    Authors: Nicolas Pamart, Joffrey Drigny, Hélène Azambourg, Marion Remilly, Kamal Lahjaily, Amélia Rocamora, Francois Tournoux, Eric Saloux, Emmanuel Reboursière, Antoine Gauthier and Amir Hodzic
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:116
  11. The post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) effect has been widely studied; however, its repeatability across training sessions during the competitive season in team sports has not yet been verified. Th...

    Authors: Jakub Jarosz, Dawid Gawel, Pawel Grycmann, Piotr Aschenbrenner, Michal Spieszny, Michal Wilk and Michal Krzysztofik
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:115
  12. Resistance exercises are effective for maintaining health and activating stabilizing muscles, as they trigger abdominal wall tension responses. This study compared the effects of multi-joint and single-joint, ...

    Authors: Roman Jurik, Petr Stastny, Dominik Kolinger, Tomas Vetrovsky, Jakub Novak, Alena Kobesova, Michal Krzysztofik and Andrew Busch
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:114
  13. Efficient methods to reduce erector spinae stiffness are important for solving lumbar spine problems, however, the trunk training positions effective for reducing erector spinae stiffness are unclear. Furtherm...

    Authors: Ryo Miyachi, Takaaki Nishimura, Yoshinari Fujii, Yuji Kanazawa, Akio Goda and Kazuho Ishizaki
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:113
  14. Despite widespread implementation of core training in athletic preparation, evidence regarding its effectiveness across different sports and performance domains remains fragmented. This meta-analysis examined ...

    Authors: Tongwu Yu, Yuxiong Xu, Zijian Zhang, Yongsheng Sun, Jinghui Zhong and Chuanwei Ding
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:112
  15. The aim of the study was to examine the differences between professional football players from leading and average teams in anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities. The sample of participants includ...

    Authors: Radivoje Radakovic, Branislav Majkic, Borko Katanic, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Aleksandra Aleksic Veljkovic, Alexandru Ioan Băltean and Vlad Adrian Geantă
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:111
  16. Athletes’ nutrition knowledge depends on the sources of nutrition information they are exposed to and their social status. Currently, there is a dearth of literature on the nutrition knowledge of Ugandan athle...

    Authors: Joshua Musau, Oluyemisi F. Folasire and Nonhlanhla S. Mkumbuzi
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:110
  17. The study main aim was to investigate: the relationship between running performances and market values of soccer players playing in the 2022 FIFA World Cup, by playing position and all players; the comparisons...

    Authors: Abdullah Kılcı, Muhammed Emin Koç, Hülya Binokay, Ali Erdoğan, Okan Kamiş and Rafael Oliveira
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:109
  18. Existing evidence suggests that balance training (BT) has a positive impact on physical fitness and sports performance. However, its specific effects on basketball players have not been extensively studied. Th...

    Authors: Zhaoran Wang, Nanting Chen, Shudian Cao, Lei Gao, Soh Kim Geok and Jia Liu
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:108
  19. The preseason offers an opportunity to achieve an optimal level of physical fitness for the entire season. The question arises whether the training programs induce muscle damage and inflammatory processes whic...

    Authors: Ali Belamjahad, Claire Tourny, Anthony C. Hackney, Nidhal Jebabli, Naoual Chariba, Fatiha Laziri, Ayoub Saeidi, Ismail Laher, Urs Granacher and Hassane Zouhal
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:107
  20. Esophagectomy following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or definitive chemoradiotherapy has been shown to yield favorable oncological outcomes in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma...

    Authors: Chien-Hung Chiu, Wei-Yang Chang, Lan-Yan Yang, Yin-Kai Chao, Wei-Hsun Chen, Yun-Hen Liu, Ya-Tzu Tsao, Yu-Ling Chang and Shu-Chun Huang
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:106
  21. Ankle sprains are common injuries that cause pain, swelling, and reduced range of motion (ROM), adversely affecting physical activity. In this study, we aim to review the effectiveness of mobilization with mov...

    Authors: Mohamed M. ElMeligie, Heba A. Abdeen, Hady Atef, Elena Marques-Sule and Rania N. Karkosha
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:105
  22. By introducing the grey correlation theory to evaluate the implementation effect of various techniques and tactics of athletes, to conduct a substantial verification of the constructed "New Four-phase Index St...

    Authors: Huagen Yin, Yanxiang Zhou, Xia Chen and Lin Zhou
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:103
  23. In recent years, load-velocity profiles (LVP) have been frequently proposed as a highly reliable and valid alternative to the one-repetition maximum (1RM) for estimating maximal strength and prescribing traini...

    Authors: Carl-Maximilian Wagner, Michael Keiner, Sebastian Puschkasch-Möck, Klaus Wirth, Stephan Schiemann and Konstantin Warneke
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:102
  24. Physiological and metabolic processes are influenced by biological rhythms. However, whether exercising in the morning or evening is more beneficial, given that these periods are two key time windows to incorp...

    Authors: Jingyu Sun, Nannan Jia, Yaning Xu, Dakai Guo, Tianfeng Lu, Jiajia Chen, Hang Chu, Zhangxiaohe Zhang, Ke Yao, Rongji Zhao and Tao Chen
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:101
  25. Impaired exercise capacity influences obesity and diabetes disease progression and vice versa. The primary objective of this prospective, observational, real-world study was to characterize exercise capacity i...

    Authors: Stefan Kwast, Johannes Lässing, Roberto Falz, Jana Hoffmann, Christoph Pökel, Antina Schulze, Thomas Schröter, Michael Borger and Martin Busse
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:100
  26. This study aimed to investigate how different legs as well as cross-country skiing and shooting performances, associate to final rankings in biathlon relay competitions for both women and men. Data including r...

    Authors: Marko S. Laaksonen and Glenn Björklund
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:99
  27. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of caffeinated chewing gum-induced sympathetic activation and diuretic effect on the rapid rate of weight loss in bodybuilders.

    Authors: Hou-Shao Liu, Takashi Okada, Hiroku Mitsuya, Meng-Hung Hsieh, Chien-Wen Hou, Chih-Chun Chang and Chih-Hui Chiu
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:98
  28. Plyometric training is a commonly employed method to enhance explosive strength in athletes. However, to date, no study has provided a comprehensive and systematic evaluation of the effects of unilateral (UNI)...

    Authors: Zhanming Zhang, Wenhao Qu, Wuwen Peng, Jian Sun, Jiyang Yue, Lingju Guan, Min Lu and Duanying Li
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:97
  29. Women who are diagnosed and treated for breast cancer (WBC) encounter barriers engaging in adequate physical activity (PA). Pairing WBC with PA partners is a feasible approach to promote social support, potent...

    Authors: Ross M. Murray, Erin O’Loughlin, Jenna Smith-Turchyn, Angela J. Fong, Meghan H. McDonough, Daniel Santa Mina, Kelly P. Arbour-Nicitopoulos, Linda Trinh, Jennifer M. Jones, Jackie L. Bender, S. Nicole Culos‐Reed, Jennifer R. Tomasone, Madison F. Vani and Catherine M. Sabiston
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:96
  30. Despite the growing interest in racket sports, injury prevalence, circumstances and severity as a function of gender, performance level and return to play have not been investigated to date. The aim was theref...

    Authors: Christophe Lambert, Marc Banerjee, Ramona Ritzmann, Daniel Lachmann, Bernd Wolfarth, Casper Grim, Sven Shafizadeh, Markus Geßlein, Nicholas Peters and Noémie Reinert
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:95
  31. Measuring postural sway and comparing results in a pre-post design or with reference values can increase diagnostic accuracy and the quality of certain treatments and rehabilitation. The process of continuousl...

    Authors: Stephan Becker, Anna Thomas, Lilli Ulrich, Laura Becker, Carlo Dindorf, Joshua Berger and Michael Fröhlich
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:94
  32. Regular walking has been reported to improve metabolically-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) by altering the metabolic environment. However, no studies to date have focused on older individuals in bot...

    Authors: Jiyoun Kim, Sungju Lee and Yong-Seok Jee
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:93
  33. Recently, researchers use functional movement tests and especially the functional movement screen (FMS) as a screening tool to prevent injuries in sports. However, limited studies are available to strongly sup...

    Authors: Sam Kazemi, Mohammad Hossein Alizadeh and Hassan Daneshmandi
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:92
  34. The aim of our study was to compare the effects of TENS, NMES, and their combined application on posture, functional independence, and spasticity in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis.

    Authors: Betül Başar and Ömer Faruk Alp
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:91
  35. We evaluated the effects of a 12-week internet-based exercise and physical activity promotion program for persons with multiple sclerosis.

    Authors: Verena Hartung, Alexander Tallner, Peter Flachenecker, Mathias Mäurer, René Streber, Philipp Wanner, Asarnusch Rashid, Layal Shammas, Gottfried Hois, Christian Dettmers, Holger Roick, Alexander Stefanou, Hayrettin Tumani, Susanne Weber and Klaus Pfeifer
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:90
  36. Endurance athletes face the challenge of sustaining performance while managing cumulative fatigue during half marathons and ultra-marathons while the evaluation of muscular fatigue resistance in endurance runn...

    Authors: Nasuh Evrim Acar, Gökhan Umutlu, Yasin Ersöz, Gizem Akarsu Taşman, Erkan Güven, Derya Selda Sınar Ulutaş, Okan Kamiş, Murat Erdoğan and Yunus Emre Aslan
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:88
  37. Both the quantity and quality of carbohydrates consumed significantly influence athletes’ performance by improving muscle glycogen stores. This study aimed to evaluate the association of carbohydrate quality o...

    Authors: Emine Elibol, Burcu Nur Çaylak and Sema Göl
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:87
  38. This study investigated the impact of winning determinants in two professional soccer leagues. The sample was composed of 1,440 Chinese Super Football League (CSL) and Chinese Football Association China League...

    Authors: Bo Yuan, Jiaxuan Zhu, Pengyu Pan, Dingmeng Ren, Zheng Liang, Honglin Song and Tianbiao Liu
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:86
  39. Jump performance and postural control are essential for success in technical/tactical actions and overall playing performance in volleyball. Youth athletes undergo significant physical and neuromuscular develo...

    Authors: Filippo Bertozzi, Claudia Brunetti, Pietro Maver, Manuela Galli and Marco Tarabini
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:85
  40. Pinch and grip strengths are vital indicators of upper limb function, musculoskeletal health, and general health. While most research has focused on older individuals, it is crucial to build normative data for...

    Authors: Ananda Sidarta, Li Jing Soh, Eloise Lie, Wai Hang Patrick Kwong, I-Ling Yeh, Phyllis Liang and Wei Tech Ang
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:84
  41. Dressage and show jumping is a high-risk sport, especially for young and professional riders.

    Authors: Alexander Havertz, David Uebis, Rudolph Schifflers, Frank Hildebrand and Christian David Weber
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:83
  42. This study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of exercise interventions on neurological dysfunction in diabetic patients, addressing inconsistencies in existing research. It seeks to clarify the impac...

    Authors: Vanphuc Nguyen, Quangngoc Dinh, Fen Yu, Shuqi Jia and Xing Wang
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:82
  43. The holistic focus of attention due to promising motor learning and performance benefits constitutes an desired direction for scientific investigations in sports settings. However, the generalizability of its ...

    Authors: Weronika Łuba-Arnista, Paweł Arnista, Tomasz Niźnikowski, Jerzy Sadowski, Andrzej Mastalerz, Wojciech Ratkowski, Ewelina Niźnikowska, Paweł Różański and Marcin Starzak
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:81
  44. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by disturbances in glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism, including dyslipidemia and dysregulation of metabolic peptides like spexin; however, the effects of combined in...

    Authors: Zahra Hoseini, Nasser Behpour and Rastegar Hoseini
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:79
  45. Physical inactivity is associated with reduced physical fitness (PF) in older women with impaired cardiometabolic health. Although exercise has been shown to improve PF, interindividual variability in response...

    Authors: Johnattan Cano-Montoya, Marcela Rojas Vargas, Sebastián Báez Vargas, Carolina Núñez Vergara, Sergio Martínez Huenchullán, Fernando Gallegos, Cristian Álvarez and Mikel Izquierdo
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:78
  46. Ankle instability is a consequence of ankle injuries that can impair balance and affect an individual’s ability to perform activities of daily living. Consequently, visual feedback is frequently employed in re...

    Authors: Chuan qiu shui Wang, Kun Wang, Liang Sun, Shi qi Liu and Jiong Luo
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:77
  47. The importance of anthropometric measurements for monitoring the physical development of athletes and optimizing training programs is well known. Considering the limitations of traditional methods in terms of ...

    Authors: Serkan Örücü, Bülent Işık, Kenan Erdağı, Usame Ömer Osmanoğlu and Erkan Özbay
    Citation: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2025 17:75

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